Essay 1, Rough Draft, Week 3

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James Richards

Professor April Nogarr

English 221 (0241)

28 June 2018

On Mass Media and its Role in Shaping Cultural Values and Beliefs

            From the most popular shows on television like Game of Thrones, Sex and the City, and Breaking Bad to social media websites like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, most individuals rely on some form of mass media throughout the day whether they realize it or not. Ousting traditional venues of entertainment like newspapers and magazines with online publications and in theory providing every individual with the opportunity to be a celebrity, the smartphone has without a doubt defined an entire generation. It is to the Digital Age what the printing press was to the Reformation, the Winchester ’73 to the American Wild West. No other invention has had as profound of an effect upon the 21^stcentury as the smartphone. It is both the culmination of and driving force behind mass media and its role in shaping cultural values and beliefs. Never before in the history of mankind have individuals been able to access such a vast library of information while simultaneously being exposed to such an abundance of mass media at every single moment of their lives from the time they wake up to the time they go to bed at night.

            But how much information is too much? And is the role that mass media plays in shaping a society’s cultural values and beliefs necessarily a good thing? Most people are aware of propaganda and the subtle yet effective strategies utilized to control the public. From a commercial for a particular political candidate to a paid advertisement for a product or service, mass media has always been a tool to sway the masses and influence public opinion. Is it 

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possible that with great advancements in technology, mass media, and the delivery of information that its role shaping our cultural values and beliefs has been negative? Indeed, for mass media, despite its many benefits, has unfortunately had an extremely negative and pronounced effect upon our cultural values and beliefs because it is driven by profit.

            In his 1997 article titled Commoditize Your Dissent, Thomas Franks writes, “The structure and thinking of American business have changed enormously in the years since our popular conceptions of its problems and abuses were formulated,” (154). What this means is that contrary to enabling the public to question the establishment and think independently, mass media has rather accomplished the exact opposite in society. From political campaigning to advertisements, commercials, and even subliminal messaging, corporations and unscrupulous businessmen have exploited mass media to better serve their bottom dollar. Even worse is that they did it not by establishing the mass media as the polar opposite of our society’s cultural beliefs and values, but as the expression of them. For in the case of the former at least the public would be able to critically evaluate the mass media and what it stands for on their own, but in the case of the latter, the public is deceived into believing that the mass media is their friend, and thus becomes complacent to whatever message they receive from it.

            Franks takes it further a few paragraphs back when he states rather poignantly, “Consumerism is no longer about ‘conformity’ but about ‘difference,” (153). What he is referring to is the fact that the mass media capitalized upon our society’s progressive ideal of nonconformity and questioning the establishment in order to deceive the public. Instead of holding the establishment accountable and aiding the public in their pursuit to question authority, the mass media merely enabled the establishment to go underground so to speak, its presence 

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veiled and shrouded in mystery yet its power and influence at an all time high. Understanding this is paramount to understanding why the mass media has had a negative effect upon our cultural values and beliefs because it begs a very unsettling question: if unscrupulous businessmen and corporations can exploit it through the almighty dollar with ease, then what other nefarious purposes could the mass media be used to accomplish? 

            Indeed, unscrupulous businessmen and corporations out for a profit are but one relatively benign and harmless way the mass media can be exploited for nefarious purposes. If they want to try and market our own cultural values and beliefs back toward us in a way that serves their own personal self-interests then let it be. Those with money will always find a way to cheat the system whether we like it or not and nothing will ever change that. However, but what about when the mass media defines our very cultural values and beliefs for us? In a 2012 article written for The New Yorker titled The Aristocrats: The Graphic Arts of Game of Thrones, Emily Nussbaum explores the way popular television shows like The Sopranos, Mad Men, andGame of Thrones can shape the views of society on important topics like class, gender, and race. To the benefit of mass media, it can be used to encourage thinking and promote healthy dialog. For Nussbaum declares, “And yet the undergirding strength of each series is its insight into what it means to be excluded from power: to be a woman, or a bastard, or a ‘half man.” However, it can also be used to encourage unhealthy attitudes toward such important topics and even insensitivity, as she continues, “Game of Thrones is the latest entry in television’s most esteemed category: the sophisticated cable drama of about a patriarchal subculture.”

            However, it does not end at class, gender, and race. In fact, the very assumption that those are the three most important topics in the world that every conversation must inevitably 

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revolve around is in itself but one viewpoint out of many as is the assumption that patriarchy, hierarchical structures, and absolute power are inherently bad things. The true danger lies in the fact that the mass media can be used to support one viewpoint over another instead of encouraging individuals to explore different viewpoints and arrive at one for themselves. The world is a very diverse place housing a very diverse assortment of views on topics ranging from religion and politics to poetry and film reviews. It is only fair that every viewpoint should be represented honestly and afforded the privilege to be able to make their case before the public. What the mass media does is present some views as being superior to others while blatantly misrepresenting and vilifying views that do not align with those of its sponsors. Such behavior does not encourage people to think for themselves nor does it foster healthy dialog as much as it simply leads to indoctrination, division, and the mass vilification of  “the other side.”

            It is one thing, for example, to disagree with the actions of the president. It is quite another, however, to dismiss everything that does not align with a left wing viewpoint of reality as hatred and bigotry not warranting even the slightest bit of respect or consideration. It is similarly one thing to agree with the actions of the president, but quite another, however, to condemn every last one of his detractors as unpatriotic and disloyal communists who do not even deserve the honor of being able to call themselves Americans. The inability to fairly represent all viewpoints while simultaneously presenting some as superior to others is but another way the mass media plays a negative role in shaping our cultural values and beliefs.

            The third and perhaps most unsettling way that the mass media plays a negative role in the shaping of our cultural values and beliefs is that it enables unhealthy behavior. In a 2010 essay penned for the Los Angeles Times titled The Social Networks, Neal Gabler observes, “It’s 

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not that we prefer television to human contact. The laugh track attests that most people don’t really want to be alone in font of their TV sets. They want to be part of a larger community. Yet another study indicates that TV provides a sort of simulacrum of community because the relationship between the TV viewer and the people he or she watches on the screen competes with and even substitutes for physical encounters with real people,” (317). What this means is that for many individuals the mass media and television in particular has become a sort of substitute for real human interaction and meaningful relationships. Instead of actually going out and obtaining that which individuals desire most the mass media provides an easier alternative.

            This is perhaps the most harmful way the mass media has negatively impacted our society’s cultural values and beliefs. It has led to isolation and loneliness, hindering any sort of real personal development and growth. As Gabler concludes on page 318, “For the fact is that we miss the friendships we no longer have, and we know that Facebook or emails cannot possibly compensate for the loss. So we sit in front of our television sets and enjoy the dream of friendship instead: a dream where we need never be alone, where there are a group of people who would do anything for us, and where everyone seems to understand us to our very core.” While watching television in moderation for the sole sake of entertainment is one thing, it is quite another for an individual to utilize it as a form of escapism from their real life problems. The mass media has enabled the public to ignore their feelings and become isolated.

            These are but three different ways from three different sources that the mass media plays a negative role in the shaping of our society’s cultural values and beliefs. To summarize, it has given unscrupulous businessmen and corporations yet another venue for taking advantage of the public in order to serve their own financial self interests. Indeed, the mass media will always be 

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susceptible to the corrupting influence that is money and spending. Similarly the mass media, while occasionally providing an avenue for exploring important topics like class, gender, and race, has also been used to encourage unhealthy attitudes toward these topics and more while simultaneously favoring some viewpoints over others instead of encouraging the public to arrive at their own conclusions through honest inquiry and logic. Thus the mass media becomes a tool for propaganda, and can negatively influence our society’s cultural values and beliefs. Finally, the mass media enables individuals to avoid their problems in favor of a cheap substitute and thus encourages isolation and loneliness instead of real human interaction and relationships.

            Even in light of these three main arguments, it cannot be denied that the mass media certainly possesses many benefits that warrant consideration. In a chapter titled “On the Air: Television and Cultural Forms,” Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon explore in their book Signs of Life in the USA the different ways mass media and especially television often reflects the contemporary culture of its time and can shed light upon certain sentiments. They compare the hit television series The Walking Dead, for example, with the threat of terrorism and economic uncertainty, explaining that “Such fantasies appeal to a society suffering from an apparently eternal threat of terroristic violence…and economic malaise,” (257). For just as ancient art and literature was a reflection of its time, affording viewers a more intimate understanding of a society’s fears, hopes, and aspirations at a given era, so too the mass media today can shed light upon where the modern world is and more important where it is going. 

Additionally it has provided the public with more information than has ever been made available throughout history, allowed every individual to have a voice and given them a platform on which to express that voice, and perhaps most importantly enabled communication at such a 

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faster pace than ever before that we are never truly alone. It cannot be denied that the mass media even possesses the potential for artistic merit. For indeed Maasik and Solomon concede on page 258, “Television offers an especially rich field of possible writing topics, ranging from a historical analysis of a whole category or genre, of TV programming (as we briefly presented above with respect to the Western) or of a general trend, to an interpretation of a single TV show episode.” There are many such examples of times when television has transcended simple entertainment into the glory that is fine art, such as the fifth season of Supernatural which explored themes such as God and death, the problem of evil, and existence of freedom. Perhaps the most philosophically complex and pressing question ever asked was in the last episode, when Castiel asks of Dean, “What would you rather have: peace or freedom?” Another such example might come from The Terminator franchise with its message of freewill and the triumph of human tenacity, its tagline being “No fate but what we make for ourselves.”

Perhaps it should be considered that the arguments against the mass media and the role it plays in shaping our society’s cultural values and beliefs are not so much the fault of the mass media itself as much as it is the fault of humanity itself. As people we have always found ways to deceive the public for the sake of our own personal self interest, encouraged unhealthy attitudes toward important topics while simultaneously working to silence all dissenting viewpoints, and found ways to avoid our problems through drugs and alcohol abuse. Perhaps the mass media did not actually create these problems as much as it simply provided them with a platform. Even without social media, television, and the Internet individuals would always find a way to do these things and this is confirmed by the long saga that is human history. Pinning it on the mass media alone is simply an easier alternative than facing the more daunting task of asking why it is 

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that human beings are like this and what we can do to change it. Even so, the role of the mass media cannot be undermined. For it was such a rapid change at such a rapid pace that it occurred before individuals were ready for it, before society even knew what hit it.

In conclusion, the mass media will change. Technology will advance without a shadow of a doubt, as the march of progress is inevitable and cannot be stopped. There are many problems inherent to technology and the media just as there are many problems within the human heart. Despite whatever changes may occur within five, ten, or even one hundred years down the line, we will always remain human beings. Society will always have to face important topics like gender, race, and class regardless of its stance toward the mass media and technology. We can only hope that as the mass media and technology inevitably become more intertwined with our lives that we will exercise the prudence and responsibility necessary so that it becomes a force for all that is good instead of a force for all that is bad. Only time will tell.

            

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Works Cited

Frank, Thomas and Weiland, Matt. ‘Commodify Your Dissent.’ Signs of Life in The USA:

Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Eds. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: 

Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2015. 150-155. Print.

Gabler, Neal. ‘The Social Networks.’ Signs of Life in The USA: Readings on Popular Culture for 

Writers. Eds. Sonia Maasik and Jack Solomon. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2015. 315-

319. Print.

Maasik, Sonia and Solomon, Jack. ‘Video Dreams: Television and Cultural Forms.’ Signs of Life 

in The USA: Readings on Popular Culture for Writers. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 

2015. 255-267. Print.

Nussbaum, Emily. “The Aristocrats.” The New Yorker, The New Yorker, 19 June 2017, 

www.newyorker.com/magazine/2012/05/07/the-aristocrats.

Feedback, Week 2: Feedback Thoughts

Greetings classmates,

The two articles I chose to read for this assignment are 5 Tips For Taking Feedback Like a Champ and 14 Signs Your Perfectionism Has Gotten Out of Control by Megan Bruneau and Carolyn Gregoire, respectably. Here is a link to the first article and to the second. It must be made know that I am an extreme perfectionist that has trouble settling for anything less than the best. I thrive on the approval of others and desire to exceed expectations. That being said, I do have a bit of trouble with criticism and accepting feedback, though perhaps not as much as the articles indicate. One point I found useful in Megan's article was this: "When we treat ourselves with empathy, compassion, and believe we are 'good enough' amidst our flaws and weaknesses - while still desiring growth and development - we make space for the painful feelings that come up when someone gives us feedback." In other words, I believe what the author is stating is that we need to show mercy not just to other people but also to ourselves. That is, we need to recognize that we too are just human beings, neither perfect yet at the same time possessing the potential for growth, and thus make peace with our imperfections while simultaneously always striving to better ourselves. If I could add to that, I believe we also need to accept that our own self worth is not predicated upon the approval of others, as that is often one of the driving forces of perfectionism as explained in Carolyn's article. Indeed, she writes, "Perfectionists learn early on to live by the words 'I achieve, therefore I am' - and nothing thrills them quite like impressing others (or themselves) with their performance." This very much describes my own personality both in school, work, and in my personal life where I always strive to be the very best even if it leaves me completely spent and exhausted. It is rumored that Julius Augustus Caesar himself once stated that it is better to be first in a village than second in Rome. Carolyn's next point also ties very well into this. That is, "For perfectionists, life is an all or nothing game. When a perfectionist sets her mind to something, her powerful drive and ambition can lead her to stop at nothing to accomplish that goal." The danger with such thinking is that if we always aim for perfection without accepting the possibility of anything less then we are going to be disappointed. It can hinder us not only from receiving healthy criticism but also from being at peace with ourselves. In conclusion, some of the best feedback I have ever received in life and especially in an academic setting is when the critic provides you with positive steps you can take to improve your performance instead of just going on a long diatribe about everything wrong with it.

James.

Comment Wall

Week 1 - Commodify Your Dissent

Greetings classmates,

For our fourth and final blog entry this week we were required to read three extra readings from the textbook and then select one in particular that interested us to write an entry about. That being said, the article I have chosen is called Commodify Your Dissent and it was written by Thomas Frank.

I have chosen to answer the fifth question, namely to characterize Frank's tone in this selection and share my opinion as to whether it enhances or detracts from the forcefulness of his argument.

That being said, upon first glance, I was put off by Frank's tone and thought that it detracted from his argument.

It was certainly very political and left wing, glorifying the countercultural ideal of rebellion and blatant disregard for social convention while simultaneously dismissing traditional society as a "stiff, militaristic order that seeks to suppress instinct, to forbid sex and pleasure, to deny basic human impulses and individuality, to enforce through a rigid uniformity a meaningless plastic consumerism."

That is not to say that such points may not be valid, but in the very least they deserve to be explored in a well articulated and precise manner opposed to just dismissing them in one long hasty generalization that is so characteristic of lazy argumentation. Instead of automatically dismissing traditional sexual morality as the suppression of instinct and uniformity as the denial of individuality it would be better to carefully outline his arguments as to why he believes those points to be true and to respond to the arguments of someone like myself who would counter that self control and moderation are paramount to a productive society and that uniformity fosters a healthy sense of collectivism and concern for the community at large.

It was not until I got further into the reading that I realized this was not the point of Frank's argument.

This was not a discussion of politics nor was this selection a left wing diatribe against the opposition.

What the author Frank was doing was actually genius.

His point was that, in his own words, "Capitalism is changing, obviously and drastically." Whereas in a previous era conformity was universally held as something good, today we strive to be countercultural and value individuality. Contrary to being ousted by this development, the capitalist system has rather found a way to profit from it. Indeed, Frank states "Consumerism is no longer about 'conformity' but about 'difference.'"In other words, businesses are finding clever new ways to market the progressive ideal in such and such a way as is beneficial to their own personal interests.

Thus, the true purpose of Frank's tone was not to involve himself in politics or to express ill feelings toward any side of the political spectrum, but rather to encapsulate a certain ethos. That is, to express the particular sentiments of a certain ideal regardless of whether or not he agrees with it. The fact that I initially fell for it is a testament to how cleverly crafted and skilled his presentation was.

In conclusion, I believe that this tone enhances the forcefulness of his argument because it enables the reader to both visualize and better understand the ideal that is being referenced.

James.

Week 1 - The Aristocrats: The Graphic Arts of Game of Thrones

Greetings classmates,

To preface this post, I am a huge fan of Game of Thrones.

That being said, I found this activity to be especially interesting among our assignments this week.

I have chosen to answer the fourth question, namely, to describe in my own words Nussbaum's attitude toward the violence, nudity, and sex scenes in Game of Thrones.

That being said, I believe that Nussbaum's attitude toward these controversial subjects and the way they are presented in Game of Thrones can chiefly be described as that of apathy or indifference. That is, she does necessarily praise them as being something good and noble in and of themselves, but at the same time, she refrains from outrightly condemning them the way other critics might. Within the text she references two other critiques in which the series was severely chastised and dismissed as "boy fiction" and "vileness for voyeurism's sake." What is interesting is that while she never necessarily denies these statements, she does counter them with the fact that Game of Thrones is not the first show of its kind to serve as those things. Indeed, she writes, "Despite the show's Maltese vistas and asymmetrical midriff tops, this was not really an exotic property. To the contrary, Game of Thrones is the latest entry in television's most esteemed category: the sophisticated cable drama about a patriarchal male subculture."

What this means is that regardless of whether or not the criticisms of the show are valid, it is certainly not the first program of its kind to feature explicit violence, sex, and nudity.

Nussbaum proceeds to explain the many different ways how, even within such a context, the show explores many significant themes such as race, class, and gender. To be specific, she writes, "And yet, the undergirding strength of each series is its insight into what it means to be excluded from power: to be a woman, or a bastard, or a 'half-man.'"

This strikes me as a very poignant and fair defense of the series, one that is keen to context and the various nuances surrounding such scenes that a less informed viewer might ignore. Whereas the average person might respond with automatic revulsion, Nussbaum is able to effectively explore the ways in which these scenes might convey a higher purpose worth thinking about.

Even so, I do believe that her otherwise fantastic critique is still lacking in one regard. The approach she takes toward the themes in the series is that of Conflict theory, something I learned about in my sociology class last semester. It is common among left leaning individuals and refers to the tendency to view everything as a sort of conflict between race, gender, and class. While these topics are certainly relevant toward the series, I believe that there are also more topics worth considering.

Namely, that of the people on the top. For not only does Game of Thrones explore what it means to be excluded from power, but I would add that it also explores what it means to be one of the ones who possess and exercise. Having to deal with all of the corruption and betrayal, not being sure who you can trust, the burden of having to make large decisions, and the ethical dilemmas.

The last one is what I really want to focus one. While it is easy to by default condemn everything we see in Game of Thrones as morally atrocious, I believe that we have to consider the context, and that upon doing so, the series is primarily about a universe that is morally gray. What are you supposed to do, for example, when refraining from violence and genocide means that violence and genocide are going to be used against your own people? Or when, in the aftermath of war, there is a large group of displaced women without husbands and no modern welfare state to support them?

The point is that there really is no correct answer in the universe presented by Game of Thrones.

That is where the true strength of the series resides, in addition to Nussbaum's incredibly profound insight into the way its universe explores what it means to be excluded from power.

James.

Week 1 - The Social Networks

Greetings classmates,

The "simulacrum of community" as referenced by Neal Gabler on page 317 (my book may be a different edition) is essentially just a fancier way of stating that for many people television often serves as an alternative to real human interaction and relationships. Not necessarily as something completely different in and of itself, but rather because it imitates those two things which we desire most and thus provides a somewhat similar experience. Indeed, Gabler states on the same page, "It is Facebook with hundreds of 'friends' but without any actual contact with any of them, only the virtual contact of watching." Indeed, it is precisely because of its similarity that it operates in such a way. To give an example, it is not uncommon for someone lonely who desires a relationship to develop a crush upon their favorite television star and even imagine themselves as being in a relationship with that particular celebrity whenever watching their films or shows. My grandmother for example loves Tom Cruise because he symbolizes her ideal of the perfect man. Similarly, it is also not uncommon for people to place themselves into the fictional universe of their favorite television program.

Whether it was women during the 1990s with Sex and the City, men with The Walking Dead, or the millions of viewers who like to imagine that they are celebrities whenever they watch Keeping Up with the Kardashians, it is safe to say that almost everyone has done this at one point or another. People were doing it even before television with their favorite plays, dramas, and books. Perhaps the most extensive occurrence of this is when people watch soap operas. Such programs are defined by their ability to present over the top yet relatable characters and scenarios that arouse the imagination like nothing else on television. In short, when people place themselves within the fictional universe of their favorite television programs they are taking upon themselves the sense of real human interaction, community, and meaningful relationships that exist within the program.

Thus it operates as a substitute for whatever may be lacking in our own lives. This is what is meant by the "simulacrum of community." As Gabler states, "It is not that we prefer television to human contact." Rather, the precise reason why we love television so much is because it stimulates human contact, that which we as human beings desire most.

Finally, one point not explored in Gabler's otherwise fantastic reading that I would like to add is that many communities are defined precisely by a particular television program. It is not uncommon for large and extensive fan communities to arise surrounding their favorite television program, developing their own unique sense of identity and even culture from the sort of clothing they wear to the terms and phrases they use to describe themselves. One such example are the male fans of My Little Pony, "bronies," as they like to call themselves. Another might be the whole Twilight craze that was popular with teenage girls back when I was growing up, with many of them identifying as either "Team Jacob" or "Team Edward." What this means is that by watching a particular television program, many people may actually be connecting with a real community of other people. It actually becomes a social experience in its own unconventional way.

James.

Week 1 - On the Air: Television and Cultural Forms

Greetings classmates,

To begin, I do not watch very much television.

Between work and school, family life, and chores, there are many other activities that I would prefer to spend my precious spare time on. Chief among them being reading; I love a good book. That is not to say, however, that it has always been like this. I used to watch a lot more television when I was younger, in part because I had a lot more spare time. That is one way my viewing habits have changed over the years. Additionally, no longer do I watch things when they are broadcast but almost always resort to utilizing online providers like Netflix, Amazon Prime, or Hulu.

My reason for watching television today is that it is a good way to relax. As much as I enjoy reading, it is not always an easy task. Reading a good book requires a lot of concentration, discipline, and oftentimes heavy thinking. Television operates as an easy alternative that requires less effort. I like to watch historical documentaries and horror films because they are related to my literary interests.

In spite of the many diverse technical options for watching television, I do still believe that it is a social activity, though perhaps in a different way. Most of us are probably familiar with the concept of a Netflix. Similarly it is not uncommon to find people watching random videos on their smartphones with each other during breaks at the workplace. Perhaps it is not as much of a "formal" activity anymore, with people all volitionally coming together in order to watch it, but it does certainly still happen informally - during breaks, a pause in the middle of the day, random moments of free time etc.

On page 257 of our book the author compares shows like The Walking Dead to Westerns, writing that "Such fantasies appeal to a society suffering from an apparently eternal threat of terroristic violence and economic malaise." That was a very poignant observation, and one I am inclined to agree with because I am a fan of the genre and often read our society's own contemporary problems into it like terrorism, however, I believe that there is another reason the author ignores. Namely, that people seem to desire adventure and to an extent even danger. It makes them feel like their lives carry more purpose and meaning, like they are not just pushing pencils all day in an office. It is a break from the mundanity of life.

James.

Week 1 Introduction

Greetings classmates,

My name is James Richards and I am an English major. This is about my third semester at Los Medanos College and I only have two classes left before I can transfer to a four year institution. My dream is to someday attend law school and become a lawyer or judge like my idol the late Antonin Scalia of the United States Supreme Court. I would also like to serve as an officer in the Marine Corps at some point in my life. I recently made the honor roll and am very thankful to be able to share this class with all of you and our wonderful teacher who was kind enough to add me.

There is not much to know about me. I am the oldest of three children and like to read a lot of books. Dostoevsky is my favorite author of all time and the reason why I became Russian Orthodox, which is my religion. I am currently about 500 pages into The Possessed after having finished Crime and Punishment, The Brothers Karamazov, and Notes From the Underground this past year. Astute readers will have noticed that the title of my blog was inspired by the latter work. Additionally I like to write a lot of short stories, essays, and speeches related to a variety of topics. Other authors I enjoy are Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Richard Matheson, and the early Christian writers like Athanasius, Augustine, and Maximus the Confessor, each of whom are important to my religion.

Horror is an interest of mine, anything dealing with societal collapse and the breakdown of civilization as we know it. I like to imagine how it could happen and try to speculate what the consequences would be. My favorite films are Mad Max and Dawn of the Dead precisely because they explore these themes in depth. I also like to go to the gym and learn about history. Our instructor had mentioned something about Indian epics somewhere and that interested me. My knowledge of the culture and heritage of the Indian subcontinent is extremely lacking, but from what I do know, it produced the longest poem in the world as well as the most famous love manual of all time.

More than anything, I would like to get married and have a large family someday. I have always wanted to have my own daughters to love and cherish with all of my heart. I want to have four. I am only 22 right now, but everything I do from going to school to wanting to be a marine and a lawyer is all predicated upon the hope that this dream will someday come true, that I will have a family.

James Richards.

Week 1 Test Post

This is James Richards and I am just testing to see that my blog is operational.